Bipolar disorder is a serious disorder characterized by alternating periods of depression and manic or hypomanic excitement. Symptoms can include dramatic mood, energy, and activity level changes, as well as disturbances in thinking and behavior.

Depression symptoms may include

• Depressed or sad mood
• Loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities
• Fatigue or lack of energy
• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
• Suicidal thoughts

Manic or hypomanic excitement symptoms may include

• Elevated mood or exaggerated sense of well-being
• Increased energy and activity
• Increased agitation or irritability
• Increased impulsivity and inappropriate risk-taking
• Delusions or hallucinations (in the case of severe mania)

Treatment

Treatment for bipolar disorder may include medications (such as mood stabilizers), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and/or family therapy. It is important to follow the doctor’s instructions and take medications as prescribed, even if you feel better.

Tips

• Learn as much as you can about bipolar disorder and how it can affect the person you are supporting.
• Encourage the person to follow their medical treatment and adhere to their care plan.
• Offer your support and understanding, but don’t try to “fix” the person or minimize their feelings.
• Encourage the person to connect with others who understand what they are going through, such as support groups or therapists.
• Be patient and understanding if the person struggles with managing their emotions or meeting their obligations.
• Offer practical help, such as taking care of household tasks or helping to schedule medical appointments.
• Encourage the person to take care of their physical and mental health, such as by exercising regularly and taking care of their diet.
• Be ready to help in case of a crisis or period of severe depression, by offering emotional support and informing health professionals if necessary.